1.        What are the Main Functions of an Engine Oil?     

In all engines, the lubricant is pumped around the engine by some means, e.g., the oil pump. The main functions of an engine oil can be categorised as follow:

• Carry heat from hot areas thereby cooling them.
• Keeping critical components, such as piston rings clean.
• Reduce friction – or lubricate – throughout the engine.
• Help seal the piston rings to control pressure in the combustion chamber.
• Prevent corrosion within the engine.

2.        What is the correct viscosity grade for my vehicles when selecting oil?

To choose the right lubricant for your vehicle, use the viscosity grade(s) recommended by the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) for the life of the engine and especially during the warranty period of the vehicle.

The main factors to take into consideration when selecting the most applicable engine oil viscosity for your vehicle are:

• The OEM Specification/Recommendation.
• The Ambient Temperatures during Winter and Summer.
• The Milage of the Engine.
• The Quality of Fuel available.

3.        What does SAE mean?

The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) developed a viscosity grading system, namely SAE J300, which specifies that an oil should meet a certain viscosity range at 100 degrees Celsius. This specification has no relation to API specifications or petrol and diesel specifications and is only for viscosity purposes. This will include a scale of measurement for both engine oils as well as a transmission/automotive gear oil.

4.        What is the function of base oils and additives in engine oil?

The base stock/base oil is responsible for lubricating an engine’s moving parts while the additives are responsible for controlling the oil viscosity and lubricity, as well as protecting engine parts against wear and corrosion.